# Hello World
print("Hello World")

# Variabel dan Tipe Data
nama = "Budi"           # string
umur = 25               # integer
tinggi = 175.5          # float
menikah = False         # boolean

# Input dari user
nama = input("Siapa nama Anda? ")

if kondisi:
    # lakukan sesuatu
elif kondisi_lain:
    # lakukan hal lain
else:
    # lakukan jika semua salah

# For loop
for i in range(5):
    print(i)

# While loop
while kondisi:
    # lakukan sesuatu

# List
buah = ["apel", "jeruk", "mangga"]
buah.append("pisang")
buah.remove("apel")

# Tuple (immutable)
koordinat = (10, 20)

# Dictionary
siswa = {
    "nama": "Budi",
    "umur": 17,
    "kelas": "10A"
}

# Set
himpunan = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

def nama_fungsi(parameter1, parameter2):
    """Docstring: penjelasan fungsi"""
    hasil = parameter1 + parameter2
    return hasil

# Fungsi dengan default parameter
def sapa(nama="User"):
    return f"Halo, {nama}!"

# Lambda function
kali = lambda x, y: x * y

# Cara biasa
kuadrat = []
for x in range(10):
    kuadrat.append(x**2)

# List comprehension
kuadrat = [x**2 for x in range(10)]

# Dengan kondisi
genap = [x for x in range(20) if x % 2 == 0]

class Mahasiswa:
    # Class variable
    jumlah = 0
    
    def __init__(self, nama, nim):
        # Instance variable
        self.nama = nama
        self.nim = nim
        Mahasiswa.jumlah += 1
    
    def perkenalan(self):
        return f"Nama: {self.nama}, NIM: {self.nim}"
    
    @classmethod
    def total_mahasiswa(cls):
        return f"Total: {cls.jumlah}"

# Inheritance
class MahasiswaBaru(Mahasiswa):
    def __init__(self, nama, nim, angkatan):
        super().__init__(nama, nim)
        self.angkatan = angkatan

# Import modul
import math
import random
from datetime import datetime

# Membuat modul sendiri
# mymodule.py
def fungsi_saya():
    pass

# Menggunakan modul
import mymodule

# Membaca file
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    konten = file.read()

# Menulis file
with open('file.txt', 'w') as file:
    file.write('Hello World')

# CSV file
import csv
with open('data.csv', 'r') as file:
    reader = csv.reader(file)
    for row in reader:
        print(row)

try:
    x = int(input("Masukkan angka: "))
    hasil = 10 / x
except ValueError:
    print("Bukan angka yang valid")
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Tidak bisa dibagi nol")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Error: {e}")
else:
    print(f"Hasil: {hasil}")
finally:
    print("Program selesai")

# NumPy - komputasi numerik
import numpy as np
array = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

# Pandas - manipulasi data
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

# Matplotlib - visualisasi
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16])
plt.show()

# Requests - HTTP requests
import requests
response = requests.get('https://api.github.com')

# SQLite
import sqlite3
conn = sqlite3.connect('database.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE users 
                 (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)''')
conn.commit()
conn.close()

# SQLAlchemy ORM
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///database.db')

# BeautifulSoup
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

url = 'https://example.com'
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
judul = soup.find('h1').text

# Selenium (untuk dynamic content)
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://example.com')

from flask import Flask, render_template, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/user/')
def user(name):
    return f'Halo, {name}!'

@app.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
def login():
    username = request.form['username']
    return f'Welcome {username}'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

# Install Django
pip install django

# Buat project
django-admin startproject myproject

# Buat app
python manage.py startapp myapp

# Run server
python manage.py runserver

import pandas as pd

# Membaca data
df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

# Eksplorasi data
df.head()
df.info()
df.describe()

# Manipulasi data
df['kolom_baru'] = df['kolom1'] * df['kolom2']
df.groupby('kategori').mean()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

# Line plot
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.title('Judul')
plt.xlabel('X Label')
plt.ylabel('Y Label')

# Seaborn untuk statistik
sns.distplot(df['kolom'])
sns.boxplot(x='kategori', y='nilai', data=df)

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error

# Split data
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2)

# Train model
model = LinearRegression()
model.fit(X_train, y_train)

# Predict
predictions = model.predict(X_test)

# Evaluate
mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, predictions)